Acquired spondylolisthesis (ASL) was defined as non-lytic spondylolisthesis involving lumbar spines above L5. Questionnaires were used to gather information on demographic features, health behaviours, ...

Radiographs of the lumbar spine demonstrated degenerative disc disease at L4–L5, with associated anterolisthesis (Fig. 1). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed Meyerding grade-1 ...