This circuit uses a P-FET – to turn the power ... popular enough that we typically just refer to them as NPN or PNP transistors. These are all under the transistor umbrella, but when people ...

Thus the three basic bipolar transistor circuit configurations have equivalents ... There are equivalent P-channel devices, just as there are PNP and NPN bipolar transistors.

The first transistor was about half an inch high. That's mammoth by today's standards, when 7 million transistors can fit on a single computer chip. It was nevertheless an amazing piece of technology.