Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), also referred to as a herniated disc, is a common spine pathology that occurs approximately 95% of the time at the L4-L5 or L5-S1 level (Fisher et al., 2004; Asch ...
Some research links irritable bowel syndrome to herniated discs ... disc problems at L5-S1 can lead to difficulty controlling ...
Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is a serious condition that occurs when the nerve roots in the lower back are compressed, often due to a herniated lumbar disc ... and treatment of CES cases[2].